Aikido, terminology and etiquette
Aikido 合気道 あいきどう compiled by Uki 宇氣 うき
Note: Please learn the Japanese Hiragana script for proper pronunciation. Shomen ni rei literally: “bow to the front” This is a bow to the ancestral altar. Sensei 先生 せんせい teacher, master, elder, guru, one who has gone before Sensei ni rei Literally: bow to the sensei. Sensei, Onegaishimasu せんせい, おねがいします literally: “Teacher, do me this favor” This is said when bowing to a sensei or senpai before starting a practice. Senpai
先輩 Senior fellow (higher belt) Kōhai 後輩 protégé Otagai ni rei Bow to the others. Dōmo arigatōgozaimasu
どうも ありがとうございます Thank you very much, for the favor about to be performed. Alternatively: Sensei ni, domo arigatougozaimasu, rei. Literally: To the Sensei, thank you, bow. Dōmo arigatōgozaimashita
どうも ありがとうございました Thank you very much, for the favor performed in the past. This is said to sensei, or senpai after they finished practice. Nage 投げ なげ A person who performs the throw technique Uke 受け うけ IPA: [ɯke] the person who “ receives “ (attack, block, fall) due to a presented technique Ōsu The term used as acknowledgment, “yes”, or “will do”, means “perseverance”. Seiza
正座 せいざ proper Japanese sitting position .. o kudasai を ください please do .. Seiza shite kudasai せいざ して ください please sit straight Mokusō 黙想 Short meditation (sitting in seiza) before training. D ō Gi 道着 ど ぎ traditional uniform (for the path of martial arts) Hajime はじぬ Begin Yame
やぬ Stop Counting 1: ichi
一 いち 2: ni
二 に 3: san
三 さん 4: shi
四 also yon（よん） し
5: go
五 ご 6: roku
六 ろく 7: shichi
七 also nana（なな） しち
8: hachi
八 はち
9: ku
九 also kyū（きゅう） く
10: jū
十 じゅう Directions Mae
前 まえ front, before Ushiro
後 うしろ back, behind Migi
右 みぎ right Hidari
左 ひだり left Omote
表 おもて forward direction Ura
裏 うら backward direction Hō
方 ほう direction, example: shi-hō-nage four-direction-throw Kihon 基本 きほん fundamentals Movements steps, turns, etc. T enkan 転換 180-degree pivot to the rear, on the lead foot [Hiroaki Izumi Sensei - "Tai Sabaki" - YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu26mE8RBiU) kuà 胯, in Japanese mata また literally: fork (road, river, tree), crotch, groin, thigh A movement in martial arts that rotates the belly/groin/hip area independently of the chest, or legs. In karate, it accelerates the receiving techniques (uke 受け) and thrusts (tsuki 突き). In Aikido it adds a spin to the technique without upsetting the center of gravity. The "secret sauce" of the technique. atemi 当身 designates blows or strikes to the body Aikido founder said aikido is 90% atemi. Curious statement. Aikido is mostly about opponents trying to strike you and it is a method to harmonize and avoid further conflict. [](https://www.youtube.com/@ChuShinTani) [Hein sensei: Atemi Aikido is 90% atemi - YouTube](https://youtu.be/xCKdAjmWY_4) Shōmen uchi – 正面 打ち しょうめん うち cut or blow to head. For practicing a response to an overhead (tanto, bokken) strike to the temple. Yokomen uchi – 横面 打ち よこめん うち strike to the side of the head Katadori 肩取り かた どり Shoulder (grab) Mune tsuki 胸ー付き Chest thrust (or punch)
正面 打ち Shomen Uchi • ikkyo a gokyo
- Ikkyo omote
- Ikkyo ura
- Nikyo omote
- Nikyo ura
- Sankyo omote
- Sankyo ura
- Yonkyo omote
- Yonkyo ura
- Gokyo 正面 打ち Shomen Uchi • ikkyo Frontal strike • first 7th kyu - yellow belt What is the importance of ikkyo? Ikkyo, or elbow control, prevents the opponent from slashing me with the weapon and at the same time to distance yourself. Hein Sensei, “The importance of Ikkyo” - YouTube “shomen uchi ikkyo omote ura” - YouTube Guillaume Erard sensei: “Shomenuchi IKKYO - An Older Form” - YouTube 入身 投げ Irimi-nage entering throw Spinning forward push neck grab, then face/neck back push katate dori • iriminage Opposite one-hand wrist grab • iriminage image credit: discover.hubpages.com 正面 打ち • 入身 投げ shōmen uchi • irimi nage frontal thrust • enter throw 7th kyu - yellow belt by Mike Jones Sensei YouTube videos: by Mike Jones Sensei Mune-tsuki • tenkan • kote-gaeshi 胸ー付き • 小手返し Chest thrust • glove return 7th kyu - yellow belt Tenkan • wrist lock • avoid face strike from the opposite hand YouTube: https://youtu.be/yVT5XjKXIsE https://youtu.be/Kma-goAphsc Sensei Todd: Tenkan - Kote-gaeshi Sensei Todd (YouTube short) Yokomen uchi • shiho-nage Side strike to the head • throw to the four corners 7th kyu - yellow belt Katate dori • shiho-nage same-side wrist grab • throw to the four corners https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DZmxIczTlo&t=20s Kokyu tanden ho
Shomen uchi • Kaiten Nage Kaiten - turning, wheel throw Image credit: discover.hubpages.com https://youtu.be/nns9O-L3rAM Katadori • nikyo 肩取り• 二挙 かた どり • にきょう Shoulder (grab) • second (deed) https://youtu.be/B4cn1XztzFE So what is Aikido really about? Hein sensei: 20 Years of sparring with Aikido part 3 - YouTube Rank: 6-kyu Rokkyū 6級 / 六級 6th kyu: Katadori • ikkyo 肩取り• 一挙 かた どり • い きょう Shoulder (grab) • first (deed) “Kata Dori Ikkyo” - YouTube Atemi - explosive striking. the term atemi (当身) designates blows or strikes to the body, as opposed to twisting of joints, strangleholds, holding techniques and throws. Atemi can be delivered by any part of the body to any part of the opponent’s body. They can be percussive or use “soft” power. Chushin-ryoku - straight center line Hanmi - balance in straight line hiji-ate kokyu-nage: Hitting elbow breath throw. Hiriki-no yosei - Elbow power movement Ichi - one Ichitaita - one against many Irimi - entering into side of Uke’s body Jigoku Dojo - hell dojo Kamae - stance orientation of the partners Ki - energy Kichon dosa - basic movements Kokyu-ryoku - breath power Kote-gaeshi -wrist lock up and back Ni - two Nikajo - nikkyo, wrist lock, backwards fall Sh’te - person performing the technique Shomen irimi-nage - neck grab and arm push Shomen-tsuki Shuchu-ryoku - focused power Sugoi すごい : amazing Tai-sabaki - steps Tegatana - side of the hand Uke - person initiating attack Yokomen uchi: strike to the side of the head
